Journal of Disease and Diagnosis
Volume:1 Issue: 1, Mar 2012

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Breast cancer is the most common cause of Cancer-related death among women. The aim of this study was to assess the pathologic findings of patients with breast cancer who were referred to the pathology ward in Bandarabbas during 2002 to 2010. Methods and Materials: In this descriptive study in 2010, all patients with breast cancer who were referred to the pathology ward of Bandarabbas during 2002 to 2010 were included. Data was obtained using patients’ records in the pathology ward and was collected by using a previously structured checklist including demographics such as age, sex as well as information regarding histology, histology grade, size and location of the tumor. Data was analyzed after collection using SPSS 13.0 for Windows software. Among the patients 73 (92.4%) were female. The mean age of the patients in our study was 52.38±14.27 years. Thirty (44.8%) were infiltrative ductal carcinoma and 26 (38.8%) were invasive ductal carcinoma. Histologic grade I was found in 10 (20.8%) patients, grade II in 24 (50%) and grade III in 14 (29.2%) patients. Skin was involved in 11(13.9%) cases. Vascular and neural involvement was seen in 16 (20.3%) and 6 (7.6%) patients respectively. Regional lymph nodes were involved in 32 (40.5%) of the patients. Far metastasis was seen only in 1 (1.3%) patient. Referral of the patients in late stages of their disease which is associated with vascular, skin and nipple involvement and also regional lymph node involvement indicated a lack of enough knowledge about the disease.

In the recent years, nurses haven't contributed much time to research (1). Evidence based medicine is becoming more and more popular, and it depends on the nurse's attitudes and knowledge towards research (2-4). Without studying the nurse's attitudes towards research, it won't be possible to determine if the findings of the researches are used to improve practice or not (5). The aim of this study is to assess research utilization and attitudes towards research among nurses in Southern Iran. This descriptive cross-sectional study was held in 2008 in Southern Iran. A total of 85 individuals were selected by using simple random sampling. The data was gathered using a 17 item questionnaire about research utilization and attitudes towards research. The demographic data of every participants were also asked. Answers were given on a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from ‘strongly agree’ to ‘strongly disagree’ (items were reversed in analyses so that a higher score indicated a more positive attitude). For this study from SPSS 13 software the descriptive statistics, Chi-square and T-teat were used. The mean age of subjects was 28.4. Among all the participants, 88% were women and 12% men and 30% had previous research activities. Nurses generally held positive attitudes towards research. Research activities had a statistically significant relationship with their research attitudes (P<0.01). Women had more favorable attitudes towards research than men (P<0.01). 80% of participants believed that research results can be utilized in health systems but only 7% had used their previous research results in their profession. Nurses generally had positive attitudes towards research. However we suggest that educating the nurses about research and about ways of using them in health systems can be helpful.

The ability to access, evaluate and use information in each profession is one of the most effective materials of individual success. Accessing updated medical information is vital for physicians (1-5). In a descriptive cross sectional study performed in Bandar Abbas, the capital city of Hormozgan province in the southern part of Iran. Data the internet and computer usage was examined among medical students. All of the medical students were included in our study. Students who didn’t agree to participate in our study were excluded. Data was collected using a questionnaire that contained demographic information and 21 questions regarding internet and computer usage. The usage of internet, word, powerpoint, excel, outlook and access was assessed by multiple choice question (always, often, sometimes, never). Each answer received 0 to 3 points and for each student the summed score was assumed. The data was entered in SPSS 13 software and the descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Out of 118 students, 88 (74.5%) were female. Among all of them, 83% had personal computer (PC) and 80.5% used internet sometimes or never. Their internet usage was less than an hour in each day in 43.2% of the students and 18.6% of them never used internet. The most visited websites were entertainment (49%), Email (45.8%) and medical websites (44.8%). Among all the students, 41.9% were using internet in their home and university and 40.2% were using internet only in university. Also 17.9% of the medical students stated that the computer classes aren’t useful. About 36.8% of the students evaluated it as slightly useful and 43.6% of them reported that the equipment of internet centers of the university were well. About 68.3% reported that these equipments aren’t enough in the dormitory. Students frequently reported shortages in the number of the computers in the centers (62.7%). Most of the shortage of the facilities of the university was the speed of the internet (42.5%) and the number of the educational classes (40.7%). There was no statistically significant relationship between age and sex and the internet usage among medical students. However students who had a personal computer (PC) used the internet more frequently (P<0.05). Although the internet and computer software are introduced to the medical students in an acceptable level, the usage of the internet among them was low. Also they used internet mostly for entertainment websites and Email. Medical information resources were in the next rank. Most students used the internet in the university, thus it is highly recommended to increase the number of the computers in the internet center and to hold educational classes to teach them ways to use medical database information.

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in developing countries and is responsible for about 25% of all preventable deaths. Therefore we aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude towards TB among guidance school in rural areas of Bandarabbas in 2010. Methods and Materials: In this cross sectional study our samples were selected using cluster sampling. All of the 81 participants completed a standard TB attitude and knowledge questionnaire. The questionnaire included 16 questions concerning knowledge and 9 questions regarding attitude towards TB. Data was entered the SPSS 13 software and analyzed using the descriptive statistics. Eighty one students were enrolled in this study. Among them, 41 (50.6%) were male and 40 (49.4%) were female. The mean age of the participants was 12.67 ± 1.5 years. Almost all of the participants knew the signs and symptoms, ways of transmission and prevention methods of TB. Most of the students, 48 (59.3%), had received TB related information by television. Our results demonstrated that knowledge toward TB is high among these students. The most important source of information of the students was television, therefore we suggest improving the quality and number of television's educational programs in order to increase the students’ knowledge, introduce the TB support centers, and changing the attitude and behavior of health staff.